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Test: ANTLER
Date: 09/ 15/ 61 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 1000 PST Depth of Burial: 1,320 ft
Location: NTS U12e. 03 Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Tunnel Yield: 2.6 kt
Release Type of Detected: Offsite Release: Test

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 2.1 x 10 5
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 131 I, 133 I, 135 I, and 140 Ba/ 140 La
Cloud Direction: Northerly over Highway 25, Reed, Diablo, and Warm Springs, Nevada
Maximum Activity Detected in Air Offsite: 28 picocuries of gross beta activity per cubic meter of air at Diablo, Nevada

Maximum Gamma Exposure Rate Detected Offsite: 12.5 mR/ h at Twin Springs Ranch, Nevada
Maximum Iodine Level Detected Offsite: 1.4 picocuries of 131 I per cubic meter of air,
34 picocuries of 133 I per cubic meter of air, and 150 picocuries of 135 I per cubic meter of air at
Diablo, Nevada

Maximum Distance Radiation Detected Offsite: 1.5 mR/ h at 21.1 miles northeast of the junction of Highway 6 and Highway 25 (Nevada)

Release Summary: Venting occurred at the tunnel portal at H+2 seconds and lasted for an unknown duration. A secondary steam explosion was observed from eight to ten minutes
following the detonation.
References: (A) (C) (E) (F) (G) (H) (AY) (DA) (GA)

Test: SHREW
Date: 09/ 16/ 61 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 1145 PST Depth of Burial: 325 ft
Location: NTS U3ac Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 4.9 -4.9 x 10 2 (estimated)
Release Summary: This test released small visible quantities of radioactive steam and/ or gases. The test release (probably from a sampling line) occurred before H+15 minutes and lasted for

approximately two hours.

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References: (A) (B) (E) (F) (H) (J) (AY) (DA)
Test: BOOMER
Date: 10/ 01/ 61 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 1330 PST Depth of Burial: 330 ft
Location: NTS U3aa Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 2.5 x 10 1 -2.5 x 10 3 (estimated)
Release Summary: A test release occurred at H+12 hours from the sampling line area. Small amounts of noble gas daughters were seen on 50-foot arc samplers and from samples taken by

monitoring aircraft.
References: (B) (E) (H) (J) (AY)

Test: CHENA
Date: 10/ 10/ 61 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 1000 PST Depth of Burial: 840 ft
Location: NTS U12b. 09 Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Tunnel Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 7.6 x 10 2
Release Summary: Venting occurred at the tunnel portal at H+2 seconds and continued for approximately 20 minutes.

References: (A) (C) (E) (F) (H) (AY) (DA) (G1)
Test: MINK
Date: 10/ 29/ 61 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 1030 PST Depth of Burial: 630 ft
Location: NTS U3ae Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only* Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours: Slight

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Isotopes Identified in the Release: 131 I*
Cloud Direction: Southerly
Maximum Activity Detected in Air Offsite: 13 picocuries of gross beta activity per cubic meter of air at Indian Springs, Nevada**

Maximum Gamma Exposure Rate Detected Offsite: No radiation intensities above background levels were measured.
Maximum Iodine Level Detected Offsite: 720 picocuries of 131 I per liter in milk at Hiko,
Nevada**

Maximum Distance Radiation Detected Offsite: No radiation intensities above background levels were measured.

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release: Some
Release Summary: Some seepage was evident at H+25 minutes from the sampling line. Small amounts of noble gas daughters were seen on 50-foot arc air samplers, but no activity was

detected from samples taken by monitoring aircraft.
Measurable contamination of offsite milk supplies was observed. Iodine-131 levels in milk at Hiko, Nevada, were 720 picocuries per liter four days after the test. Some radiation was detected

in the areas surrounding surface ground zero from gaseous radioactivity released during postshot drilling. No radiation was detected off the NTS from postshot operations.

References: (A) (B) (E) (F) (H) (N) (AY) (DA) (EA) (GB)
______________________________
*As of April 19, 1979, this test was considered to be an onsite only release. See statement in
explanatory information on "special designation for onsite releases."

** This gross beta and iodine activity in the air and iodine-131 concentration in milk was attributed to Russian nuclear tests around the time of this test.

Test: FISHER
Date: 12/ 03/ 61 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 1504 PST Depth of Burial: 1,200 ft
Location: NTS U3ah Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: 13.4 kt
Release Type of Test/ Prompt Particle Detected: Onsite Only Release: Sampling and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: Less than 5.0 x 10 2 (estimated)
Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release: Some

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Release Summary: This test released small visible quantities of radioactive steam and/ or gases. The test release occurred from the area of a broken sampling line near surface ground zero at
approximately H+7 minutes and lasted for about one to two hours.
Some radiation was detected in the area surrounding surface ground zero from gaseous radioactivity released during postshot drilling.

References: (A) (B) (E) (F) (H) (J) (AY) (DA)
Test: GNOME
Date: 12/ 10/ 61 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 1200 MST Depth of Burial: 1,185 ft
Location: Carlsbad, NM Purpose: Plowshare
Type: Shaft Yield: 3.0 kt
Release Type of Detected: Offsite Release: Test

Test Release at R+12 Hours: Release not quantified
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 131 I, 133 I, 135 I, 137 Cs, 140 Ba/ 140 La, and noble gases
Cloud Direction: Northwesterly direction crossing over Highway 128 and Highway 31 (New Mexico)

Maximum Activity Detected in Air Offsite: 160 picocuries of gross beta activity per cubic meter of air at the IMCC Mine, New Mexico
Maximum Gamma Exposure Rate Detected Offsite: 1,400 mR/ h at 3.5 miles west of the junction of Highway 31 and 128
Maximum Iodine Level Detected Offsite: Near Carlsbad, New Mexico, 1.7 picocuries of 131 I
per cubic meter of air, 18 picocuries of 133 I per cubic meter of air, and 3.5 picocuries of 135 I per
cubic meter of air at the IMCC Processing Plant

Maximum Distance Radiation Detected Offsite: 0.3 mR/ h at Roswell, New Mexico
Release Summary: Radiation was detected at the blast door near the bottom of the shaft less than one minute following the explosion and at the shaft collar three minutes and 40 seconds

after the detonation. At approximately seven minutes after the detonation, gray smoke, steam, and associated radioactivity surged from the shaft opening. By 11 minutes following the
explosion, copious quantities of steam were issuing from both shaft and ventilation lines. A large flow continued for about 30 minutes before gradually decreasing. A small flow was still
detected the following day. The radioactive elements that vented through the shaft were volatiles and noble gases.

References: (A) (E) (H) (AY) (DC)

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Test: MAD
Date: 12/ 13/ 61 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 1000 PST Depth of Burial: 600 ft
Location: NTS U9a Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: 500 tons
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test

Test Release at R+12 Hours: Slight
Release Summary: This test released small visible quantities of radioactive steam and/ or gases. The test release occurred at H+20 minutes.

NOTE: See statement in explanatory information on "qualitative onsite release data."
References: (A) (C) (E) (F) (H) (AY) (DA)

Test: RINGTAIL
Date: 12/ 17/ 61 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 0835 PST Depth of Burial: 1,200 ft
Location: NTS U3ak Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: Less than 1.0 x 10 1 (estimated)
Release Summary: This test released small visible quantities of radioactive steam and/ or gases. The test release occurred from the sampling line between H+7 and H+25 minutes.

References: (A) (B) (E) (F) (H) (J) (AY) (DA)
Test: FEATHER
Date: 12/ 22/ 61 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0830 PST Depth of Burial: 812 ft
Location: NTS U12b. 08 Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Tunnel Yield: 150 tons
Release Type of Detected: Offsite Release: Test

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 3.8 x 10 2
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 103 Ru, 131 I, 133 I, 135 I, 140 La, and 141 Ce

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Cloud Direction: Southwesterly over Death Valley Junction, California
Maximum Activity Detected in Air Offsite: 440 picocuries of gross beta activity per cubic meter of air at Bettle's Farm, Nevada

Maximum Gamma Exposure Rate Detected Offsite: 0.08 mR/ h at Death Valley Junction, California
Maximum Iodine Level Detected Offsite: 290 picocuries of 133 I per cubic meter of air and
1,000 picocuries of 135 I per cubic meter of air at Bettle's Farm, Nevada

Maximum Distance Radiation Detected Offsite: 0.01 mR/ h at 1.5 miles west to one mile south of Death Valley Junction, California

Release Summary: At H hour, a small cloud rose from the tunnel portal and vent pipes on top of the mesa and endured for 11 minutes.
Monitoring data showed the cloud traveled in a straight path on a heading of 190 degrees, passing just east of Carrara, Nevada. South of Carrara, the path changed to the southeast,
passing over Death Valley Junction and eventually reaching Ash Meadows, Nevada.
References: (A) (C) (E) (F) (G) (H) (AY) (DA) (GC)

Test: STOAT
Date: 01/ 09/ 62 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 0830 PST Depth of Burial: 1,000 ft
Location: NTS U3ap Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: 5.1 kt
Release Type of Test/ Prompt Particle Detected: Onsite Only* Release: Sampling and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 7.7
Isotopes Identified in the Release: Gaseous fission products
Cloud Direction: Southerly over Highway 95 (Nevada)
Maximum Activity Detected in Air Offsite: No fresh fission products were detected.
Maximum Gamma Exposure Rate Detected Offsite: No radiation intensities above background levels were measured.

Maximum Iodine Level Detected Offsite: Trace of 131 I in the air sample at Lathrop Wells,
Nevada*

Maximum Distance Radiation Detected Offsite: By USPHS aircraft only over Highway 95, approximately 40 miles from surface ground zero*

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release: Slight

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Release Summary: A test release occurred at collapse time and lasted for approximately one minute from the sampling line. No radiation levels above background were detected off the NTS
in populated areas from radioactivity released by this detonation. Radiation was detected off the Nevada Test Site approximately 40 miles from surface ground zero along Highway 95.

Some radiation was detected in the area surrounding surface ground zero from gaseous radioactivity released during postshot drilling.
References: (A) (B) (E) (F) (H) (N) (AY) (DA) (GD)
______________________________ *As of April 19, 1979, this test was considered to be an onsite only release. See statement in

explanatory information on "special designation for onsite releases."

Test: DORMOUSE
Date: 01/ 30/ 62 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 1000 PST Depth of Burial: 1,190 ft
Location: NTS U3aq Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release: Some
Release Summary: Some radiation was detected in the area surrounding surface ground zero from gaseous radioactivity released during postshot drilling.

References: (A) (B) (E) (F) (H) (AY) (DA)
Test: STILLWATER
Date: 02/ 08/ 62 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 1000 PST Depth of Burial: 595 ft
Location: NTS U9c Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: 3.07 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release: Slight
Release Summary: Some radiation was detected in the area surrounding surface ground zero from gaseous radioactivity released during postshot drilling.

NOTE: See statement in explanatory information on "qualitative onsite release data."
References: (A) (C) (E) (F) (H) (AY) (DA)

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Test: ARMADILLO
Date: 02/ 09/ 62 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 0830 PST Depth of Burial: 786 ft
Location: NTS U3ar Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: 7.1 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: Less than 1.2 x 10 2 (estimated)
Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release: Some
Release Summary: A test release occurred from the surface ground zero area at H+3 minutes and lasted for ten minutes.

Some radiation was detected in the area surrounding surface ground zero from gaseous radioactivity released during postshot drilling.
References: (A) (B) (E) (F) (H) (J) (AY) (DA)
Test: HARDHAT
Date: 02/ 15/ 62 Sponsor: DoD/ SC/ LASL
Time: 1000 PST Depth of Burial: 950 ft
Location: NTS U15a Purpose: Weapons Effects
Type: Shaft Yield: 5.7 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours: Late slight
Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release: Some
Release Summary: Seepage occurred through the tunnel stemming. Aircraft sampling from 1050 to 1230 hours PST on February 16, 1962, showed the presence of a cloud.

Some radiation was detected in the area surrounding surface ground zero from gaseous radioactivity released during postshot drilling.
References: (A) (B) (E) (F) (H) (L) (AY) (DA)

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Test: CHINCHILLA
Date: 02/ 19/ 62 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 0830 PST Depth of Burial: 492 ft
Location: NTS U3ag Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: 1.9 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 2.0
Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release: Some
Release Summary: A test release (probably from the sampling line) occurred at H+1 minute and lasted for four minutes.

Some radiation was detected in the area surrounding surface ground zero from gaseous radioactivity released during postshot drilling.
References: (A) (B) (E) (F) (H) (AY) (DA)
Test: CODSAW
Date: 02/ 19/ 62 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0950 PST Depth of Burial: 696 ft
Location: NTS U9g Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test

Test Release at R+12 Hours: Slight
Release Summary: No early venting was detected.
NOTE: See statement in explanatory information on "qualitative onsite release data."
References: (A) (C) (E) (F) (H) (AY) (DA)

Test: CIMARRON
Date: 02/ 23/ 62 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 1000 PST Depth of Burial: 1,000 ft
Location: NTS U9h Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: 11.9 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

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Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 7.5 x 10 2
133 Xe in curies: 7.5 x 10 2

Release Summary: A drillback release from the postshot drill hole occurred on March 2, 1963, and lasted for 3.5 hours.

References: (A) (C) (E) (F) (H) (AY) (DA)
Test: PLATYPUS
Date: 02/ 24/ 62 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 0830 PST Depth of Burial: 190 ft
Location: NTS U3ad Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test

Test Release at R+12 Hours: Slight
Release Summary: A test release occurred from the surface ground zero area from H time until H+1 minute.

References: (A) (B) (E) (F) (H) (AY) (DA)
Test: PAMPAS
Date: 03/ 01/ 62 Sponsor: LASL/ UK
Time: 1110 PST Depth of Burial: 1,200 ft
Location: NTS U3al Purpose: Joint US-UK
Type: Shaft Yield: 9.5 kt
Release Type of Test/ Prompt Particle Detected: Offsite Release: Sampling and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 2.0 x 10 3
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 95 Nb, 103 Ru, 131 I, 133 I, 135 I, 140 La, and 141 Ce
Cloud Direction: Northeasterly over Highway 25 (Nevada)
Maximum Activity Detected in Air Offsite: 1,700 picocuries of gross beta activity per cubic meter of air at Penoyer, Nevada

Maximum Gamma Exposure Rate Detected Offsite: 0.22 mR/ h at Penoyer, Nevada
Maximum Iodine Level Detected Offsite: 9 picocuries of 131 I per cubic meter of air,
220 picocuries of 133 I per cubic meter of air, and 350 picocuries of 135 I per cubic meter of air at
Gunderson's Ranch, Penoyer, Nevada

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Maximum Distance Radiation Detected Offsite: 0.08 mR/ h at 17.7 miles north of Highway 25 in Sand Springs Valley, Nevada
Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release: Some
Release Summary: A test release occurred from a broken sampling line at zero time and lasted for 20 minutes. The release of radioactivity occurred with winds from the south carrying the

cloud north on about a ten degree trajectory.
Some radiation was detected in the area surrounding surface ground zero from gaseous radioactivity released during postshot drilling.

References: (A) (B) (E) (F) (G) (H) (AY) (DA) (GE)
Test: DANNY BOY
Date: 03/ 05/ 62 Sponsor: DoD/ LRL
Time: 1015 PST Depth of Burial: 110 ft
Location: NTS U18a Purpose: Weapons Effects
Type: Crater Yield: 430 tons
Release Type of Detected: Offsite Release: Test/ Crater

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 8.5 x 10 5
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 91 Sr, 103 Ru, 131 I, 133 I, 135 I, 132 Te, and 140 Ba/ 140 La
Cloud Direction: Northerly over Highway 6, west of Warm Springs, Nevada
Maximum Activity Detected in Air Offsite: 1,000 picocuries of gross beta activity per cubic meter of air at Warm Springs, Nevada

Maximum Gamma Exposure Rate Detected Offsite: 3.2 mR/ h 17.7 miles west of Warm Springs, Nevada
Maximum Iodine Level Detected Offsite: 6.9 picocuries of 131 I per cubic meter of air,
220 picocuries of 133 I per cubic meter of air, and 350 picocuries of 135 I per cubic meter of air at
Warm Springs, Nevada

Maximum Distance Radiation Detected Offsite: 0.02 mR/ h at Carver's Restaurant, Nevada
Release Summary: A persistent cloud was produced during the blow out crater formation
containing appreciable quantities of radioactivity associated with particulates. The total release,
at the time of release, was 1.4 x 10 10 curies.

References: (A) (E) (F) (G) (H) (U) (V) (AY) (DA) (GE)

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Test: ERMINE
Date: 03/ 06/ 62 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 0830 PST Depth of Burial: 240 ft
Location: NTS U3ab Purpose: Safety Experiment
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release: Some
Release Summary: Some radiation was detected in the area surrounding surface ground zero from gaseous radioactivity released during postshot drilling.

References: (A) (B) (E) (F) (H) (AY) (DA)
Test: BRAZOS
Date: 03/ 08/ 62 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 1000 PST Depth of Burial: 841 ft
Location: NTS U9d Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: 8.4 kt
Release Type of Test/ Prompt Particle Detected: Onsite Only Release: Sampling and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 1.1 x 10 3
Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 9.5 x 10 3
133 Xe in curies: 9.5 x 10 3

Release Summary: This test released small visible quantities of radioactive steam and/ or gases. The test release occurred from the Rad-chem pipe at H time and lasted for 38 minutes.

A drillback release from the postshot drill hole occurred on March 12, 1962, and lasted for approximately seven hours.
References: (A) (C) (E) (F) (H) (AY) (DA)

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Test: HOGNOSE
Date: 03/ 15/ 62 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 0830 PST Depth of Burial: 800 ft
Location: NTS U3ai Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release: Some
Release Summary: Some radiation was detected in the area surrounding surface ground zero from gaseous radioactivity released during postshot drilling.

References: (A) (B) (E) (F) (H) (AY) (DA)
Test: HOOSIC
Date: 03/ 28/ 62 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 1000 PST Depth of Burial: 613 ft
Location: NTS U9j Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: 3.4 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 1.0 x 10 4
133 Xe in curies: 1.0 x 10 4

Release Summary: A drillback release occurred from a postshot drill hole on April 13, 1962, and lasted for four days.

References: (A) (C) (E) (F) (H) (AY) (DA)
Test: CHINCHILLA II
Date: 03/ 31/ 62 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 1000 PST Depth of Burial: 458 ft
Location: NTS U3as Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: Less than 1.0 x 10 1
Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release: Some

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Release Summary: The test release occurred from the surface ground zero area at H+4 minutes and lasted for approximately 30 minutes.
Some radiation was detected in the area surrounding surface ground zero from gaseous radioactivity released during postshot drilling.
References: (A) (B) (E) (F) (H) (AY) (DA)
Test: DORMOUSE PRIME
Date: 04/ 05/ 62 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 1000 PST Depth of Burial: 856 ft
Location: NTS U3az Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: 10.6 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release: Some
Release Summary: Some radiation was detected in the area surrounding surface ground zero from gaseous radioactivity released during postshot drilling.

References: (A) (B) (E) (F) (H) (AY) (DA)
Test: PASSAIC
Date: 04/ 06/ 62 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 1000 PST Depth of Burial: 766 ft
Location: NTS U9l Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 6.0 x 10 2
133 Xe and 135 Xe in curies: 6.0 x 10 2

Release Summary: A drillback release occurred from a postshot drill hole on April 9, 1962, and lasted for approximately six hours.

References: (A) (C) (E) (F) (H) (I) (AY) (DA)

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Test: HUDSON
Date: 04/ 12/ 62 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 1000 PST Depth of Burial: 480 ft
Location: NTS U9n Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 5.0 x 10 2
133 Xe and 135 Xe in curies: 5.0 x 10 2

Release Summary: A drillback release occurred from a postshot drill hole on April 16, 1962, and lasted for eight hours.

References: (A) (C) (E) (F) (H) (AY) (DA)
Test: PLATTE
Date: 04/ 14/ 62 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 1000 PST Depth of Burial: 560 ft
Location: NTS U12k. 01 Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Tunnel Yield: 1.85 kt
Release Type of Test and Test/ Prompt Detected: Offsite Release: Particle Sampling

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 1.9 x 10 6
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 40 K, 95 Zr/ 95 Nb, 103 Ru, 105 Ru, 131 I, 133 I, 135 I, 132 Te, 140
Ba/ 140 La, 141 Ce, and 144 Ce

Cloud Direction: Northerly over Highway 25 (Nevada) at a bearing of approximately 20 degrees

Maximum Activity Detected in Air Offsite: 34,000 picocuries of gross beta activity per cubic meter of air at Queen City Summit, Nevada (unpopulated)
Maximum Gamma Exposure Rate Detected Offsite: 47 mR/ h at Queen City Summit, Nevada
Maximum Iodine Level Detected Offsite: 3,500 picocuries of 131 I per cubic meter of air,
23,000 picocuries of 133 I per cubic meter of air, and 37,000 picocuries of 135 I per cubic meter of
air at Queen City Summit, Nevada

Maximum Distance Radiation Detected Offsite: 0.10 mR/ h at 28.1 miles northeast of Currant, Nevada

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Release Summary: Venting occurred at the tunnel portal, through fissures, and at the sampling hole at H+1.5 seconds. The fissures were created on the side of the hill, and radial cracks formed
on top of the hill. A persistent cloud was produced containing appreciable quantities of radioactivity associated with particles.

References: (A) (C) (E) (F) (G) (H) (AY) (DA) (GG)
Test: DEAD
Date: 04/ 21/ 62 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 1040 PST Depth of Burial: 634 ft
Location: NTS U9k Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 4.0 x 10 4
133 Xe and 135 Xe in curies: 4.0 x 10 4

Release Summary: A drillback release occurred from a postshot drill hole on April 23, 1962, and lasted for approximately 44 hours.

References: (A) (C) (E) (F) (G) (H) (AY) (DA)
Test: BLACK
Date: 04/ 27/ 62 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 1000 PST Depth of Burial: 714 ft
Location: NTS U9p Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 1.5 x 10 2
133 Xe and 135 Xe in curies: 1.5 x 10 2

Release Summary: A drillback release occurred from a postshot drill hole on April 30, 1962, and lasted for approximately two hours.

References: (A) (C) (E) (F) (H) (AY) (DA)

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Test: PACA
Date: 05/ 07/ 62 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 1233 PDT Depth of Burial: 848 ft
Location: NTS U3ax Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: Less than 1.0 x 10 1
Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 4.0 x 10 5 -1.0 x 10 6
Release Summary: A test release occurred from the surface ground zero area and lasted for less than two hours.

References: (A) (B) (E) (F) (H) (AY) (DA)
Test: ARIKAREE
Date: 05/ 10/ 62 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0800 PDT Depth of Burial: 547 ft
Location: NTS U9r Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 2.0 x 10 3
133 Xe and 135 Xe in curies: 2.0 x 10 3

Release Summary: A drillback release occurred from the postshot drill hole on May 11, 1962, and lasted for five hours.

References: (C) (E) (H) (AY)
Test: AARDVARK
Date: 05/ 12/ 62 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 1200 PDT Depth of Burial: 1,424 ft
Location: NTS U3amS Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: 40 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: Less than 1.0 x 10 1

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Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release: Some
Release Summary: A test release from cables occurred at H+105 minutes and lasted for approximately 45 minutes.

Some radiation was detected in the area surrounding surface ground zero from gaseous radioactivity released during postshot drilling.
References: (A) (B) (E) (F) (H) (DA)
Test: EEL
Date: 05/ 19/ 62 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0800 PDT Depth of Burial: 714 ft
Location: NTS U9m Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: 4.5 kt
Release Type of Test/ Prompt Particle Detected: Offsite Release: Sampling

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 1.9 x 10 6
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 95 Zr/ 95 Nb, 103 Ru, 106 Ru, 105 Rh, 131 I, 133 I, 135 I, 132 Te, 140
Ba/ 140 La, 141 Ce, and 144 Ce

Cloud Direction: Northerly towards Eureka, Nevada
Maximum Activity Detected in Air Offsite: 3,400 picocuries of gross beta activity per cubic meter of air at Currant, Nevada

Maximum Gamma Exposure Rate Detected Offsite: 10 mR/ h at 5.9 miles northwest of Queen City Summit, Nevada (unpopulated)
Maximum Iodine Level Detected Offsite: 5.6 picocuries of 131 I per cubic meter of air, and
23 picocuries of 133 I per cubic meter of air at Currant, Nevada, and 26 picocuries of 135 I per
cubic meter of air at Gunderson's Ranch, Nevada

Maximum Distance Radiation Detected Offsite: 0.02 mR/ h at 19 miles west of Ely, Nevada, on Highway 50

Release Summary: Venting, in the form of a geyser, occurred at H+10 seconds from satellite hole U9m-2 and continued steadily until H+19 minutes, 42 seconds. A similar venting occurred
at H+15 seconds from satellite hole U9m-3 and lasted until H+21 minutes. The venting ceased with crater subsidence.

References: (A) (C) (E) (F) (G) (H) (AY) (CC) (DA) (GH)

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Test: WHITE
Date: 05/ 25/ 62 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0800 PDT Depth of Burial: 632 ft
Location: NTS U9b Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 1.6 x 10 3
133 Xe and 135 Xe in curies: 1.6 x 10 3

Release Summary: A drillback release occurred from the postshot drill hole on May 27, 1962, and lasted for eight hours.

References: (A) (C) (E) (F) (H) (AY) (DA)
Test: PACKRAT
Date: 06/ 06/ 62 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 1000 PDT Depth of Burial: 860 ft
Location: NTS U3aw Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release: Some
Release Summary: Some radiation was detected in the area surrounding surface ground zero from gaseous radioactivity released during postshot drilling.

References: (A) (B) (E) (F) (H) (AY) (DA)
Test: DES MOINES
Date: 06/ 13/ 62 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 1400 PDT Depth of Burial: 660 ft
Location: NTS U12j. 01 Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Tunnel Yield: 2.9 kt
Release Type of Test and Test/ Prompt Detected: Offsite Release: Particle Sampling

Test Release at R+ 12 Hours, in Curies: 1.1 x 10 7

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Isotopes Identified in the Release: 103 Ru, 106 Ru/ 106 Rh, 131 I, 133 I, 135 I, 132 Te, and 140
Ba/ 140 La

Cloud Direction: Generally northeasterly over Queen City Summit, Nevada (unpopulated)
Maximum Activity Detected in Air Offsite: 15,000 picocuries of gross beta activity per cubic meter of air at Queen City Summit, Nevada, (unpopulated), and 5,900 picocuries of gross beta

activity per cubic meter of air at Diablo, Nevada
Maximum Gamma Exposure Rate Detected Offsite: 160 mR/ h at Queen City Summit, Nevada

Maximum Iodine Level Detected Offsite: 1,400 picocuries of 131 I per cubic meter of air,
16,000 picocuries of 133 I per cubic meter of air, and 230,000 picocuries of 135 I per cubic meter
of air at Queen City Summit, Nevada

Maximum Distance Radiation Detected Offsite: 0.6 mR/ h at 18.6 miles west of Ely, Nevada, on Highway 50 (approximately 163 miles from the detonation site)

Release Summary: Venting began at H+0.2 seconds on top of the hill at surface ground zero, then from the sampling hole on the face of the hill, and finally through the portal. The duration
of the release was approximately five minutes. The test vented out of the tunnel mouth with sufficient pressure and flow rate that radioactive debris was projected entirely across the canyon
and deposited on the slope behind a trailer shelter.
The test caused 131 I milk contamination in the following locations: Adavan, Nevada, 360 picocuries per liter on June 20; Elko, Nevada, 610 picocuries per liter on June 22; and Spokane,

Washington, 1,200 picocuries per liter on June 20. All measurements were made from samples taken from fresh milk except those at Spokane that were made from pooled milk at a
pasteurizing plant.
References: (A) (C) (E) (F) (G) (H) (M) (AY) (DA) (GI)

Test: DAMAN I
Date: 06/ 21/ 62 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 1000 PDT Depth of Burial: 854 ft
Location: NTS U3be Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release: Some
Release Summary: Some radiation was detected in the area surrounding surface ground zero from gaseous radioactivity released during postshot drilling.

References: (A) (B) (E) (F) (H) (AY) (DA)

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Test: HAYMAKER
Date: 06/ 27/ 62 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 1100 PDT Depth of Burial: 1,340 ft
Location: NTS U3auS Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: 67 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only* Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: Less than 1.5 x 10 2
Cloud Direction: Northerly
Maximum Activity Detected in Air Offsite: No fresh fission products were detected.
Maximum Gamma Exposure Rate Detected Offsite: No radiation intensities above background levels were measured.

Maximum Iodine Level Detected Offsite: No iodines were detected in air above background
concentrations.

Maximum Distance Radiation Detected Offsite: No radiation intensities above background levels were measured.

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release: Some
Release Summary: Small visible quantities of radioactive steam and/ or gas were released. Some radiation was detected in the area surrounding surface ground zero from gaseous

radioactivity released during postshot drilling.
Milk samples taken from Austin, Nevada, on June 30, 1962, showed a concentration of
180 picocuries of 131 I per liter. **

References: (A) (B) (E) (F) (H) (N) (AY) (DA) (EB) (GJ)
______________________________ *As of April 19, 1979, this test was considered to be an onsite only release. See statement in

explanatory information on "special designation for onsite releases."
** This iodine-131 concentration in milk may be attributed to Russian nuclear tests around the time of this test.

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Test: MARSHMALLOW
Date: 06/ 28/ 62 Sponsor: DoD/ LRL
Time: 1000 PDT Depth of Burial: 1,020 ft
Location: NTS U16a Purpose: Weapons Effects
Type: Tunnel Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Uncontrolled

Uncontrolled Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 3.5 x 10 4
Release Summary: An uncontrolled test release due to a stemming failure occurred at H+5
minutes and continued for several days. The estimated release at the time of release was
approximately 1.0 x 10 6 curies.

References: (A) (E) (F) (H) (K) (L) (AY) (DA)

Test: SACRAMENTO
Date: 06/ 30/ 62 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 1430 PDT Depth of Burial: 500 ft
Location: NTS U9v Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release: Slight
NOTE: See statement in explanatory information on "qualitative onsite release data."
References: (A) (C) (E) (F) (H) (AY) (DA)

Test: SEDAN
Date: 07/ 06/ 62 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 1000 PDT Depth of Burial: 635 ft
Location: NTS U10h Purpose: Plowshare
Type: Crater Yield: 104 kt
Release Type of Detected: Offsite Release: Test/ Crater

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 1.5 x 10 7
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 7 Be, 24 Na, 56 Mn, 103 Ru, 131 I, 132 I, 133 I, 135 I, 132 Te, 140
Ba/ 140 La, 181 W, 187 W, 188 W, and tracers

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Cloud Direction: Northeasterly
Maximum Activity Detected in Air Offsite: 13,000 picocuries of gross beta activity per cubic meter of air at Diablo, Nevada

Maximum Gamma Exposure Rate Detected Offsite: 324 mR/ h at Diablo, Nevada, and 1,960 mR/ h near Queen City Summit, Nevada (unpopulated)
Maximum Iodine Level Detected Offsite: 3,700 picocuries of 131 I per cubic meter of air,
13,000 picocuries of 133 I per cubic meter of air, and 60,000 picocuries of 135 I per cubic meter of
air at Diablo, Nevada

Maximum Distance Radiation Detected Offsite: 0.7 mR/ h near McGill, Nevada (north of Ely)
Release Summary: A persistent cloud containing appreciable quantities of radioactivity, including particulates, was produced during the cratering process. Fallout was documented to a

distance of approximately 200 statute miles downwind.
The significant contributors to the gamma exposure rate at H+24 hours were fission products, 187
W, and 24 Na. Approximately 42% of the gamma exposure rate at H+24 hours was the result
of fission products, 55% was from 187 W, 2% was from 24 Na, and less than 1% was from 181 W, 188
W, 7 Be, 56 Mn, and tracers.

References: (A) (C) (E) (F) (G) (H) (AR) (DD)

Test: LITTLE FELLER II
Date: 07/ 07/ 62 Sponsor: DoD
Time: 1200 PDT Depth of Burial: 3 ft above ground
Location: NTS Area 18 Purpose: Weapons Effects
Type: Surface Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test/ Surface

Test Release: Atmospheric
References: (A) (E) (F) (AR)

Test: JOHNNIE BOY
Date: 07/ 11/ 62 Sponsor: DoD
Time: 0945 PDT Depth of Burial: 23 in
Location: NTS Area 18 Purpose: Weapons Effects
Type: Crater Yield: 500 tons
Release Type of Detected: Offsite Release: Test/ Crater

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Test Release: Atmospheric
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 131 I, 133 I, 135 I, 132 Te, and 140 Ba/ 140 La

Cloud Direction: Northerly; subsequently divided into two portions
Maximum Activity Detected in Air Offsite: 23,000 picocuries of gross beta activity per cubic meter of air at Twin Springs Ranch, Nevada

Maximum Gamma Exposure Rate Detected Offsite: 3.0 mR/ h near the Rattlesnake Maintenance Station, Nevada, by ground monitoring; 3.8 mR/ h on a recording radiation monitor
at Twin Springs Ranch, Nevada
Maximum Iodine Level Detected Offsite: 500 picocuries of 131 I per cubic meter of air,
920 picocuries of 133 I, per cubic meter of air, and 2,300 picocuries of 135 I per cubic meter of air
at Twin Springs, Nevada

Maximum Distance Radiation Detected Offsite: 3.0 mR/ h at 11 miles northeast of Lockes, Nevada

Release Summary: A persistent cloud containing appreciable quantities of radioactivity, including particulates, was produced during the cratering process.
Detonation of this test resulted in the formation of a radioactive cloud that moved north from the test site. This cloud split into two portions. The lower portion traveled slightly west of north to
the area of Highway 6 between Tonopah and Warm Springs, Nevada, then traveled east of north after assuming a width of 25-30 miles; the higher portion, above 11,000 ft mean sea level
(MSL), traveled east of north.
References: (A) (E) (F) (AR) (GK)

Test: MERRIMAC
Date: 07/ 13/ 62 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0900 PDT Depth of Burial: 1,366 ft
Location: NTS U3bd Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Intermediate
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: Less than 1.0
Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 2.2 x 10 4
133 Xe and 135 Xe in curies: 2.2 x 10 4

Release Summary: This test released small visible quantities of radioactive steam and/ or gases.
A drillback release from the postshot drill hole occurred on July 13, 1962, and lasted for 35 hours.

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References: (A) (C) (E) (F) (H) (I) (AR) (DB)
Test: SMALL BOY
Date: 07/ 14/ 62 Sponsor: DoD
Time: 1130 PDT Depth of Burial: 10 ft above ground
Location: NTS Area 5 Purpose: Weapons Effects
Type: Tower Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Offsite Release: Test/ Surface

Test Release: Atmospheric
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 95 Zr/ 95 Nb, 103 Ru, 131 I, 132 Te, and 140 Ba/ 140 La
Cloud Direction: Northeasterly
Maximum Activity Detected in Air Offsite: 140,000 picocuries of gross beta activity per cubic meter of air at Elko, Nevada

Maximum Gamma Exposure Rate Detected Offsite: 14 mR/ h at 13 miles south of Alamo, Nevada
Maximum Iodine Level Detected Offsite: 1,100 picocuries of 131 I per cubic meter of air at
Caliente, Nevada, and 3,500 picocuries of 131 I per liter in milk at Caliente, Nevada

Maximum Distance Radiation Detected Offsite: 0.02 mR/ h at seven miles south of Parowan, Utah, on Highway 143

Release Summary: This test resulted in the formation of a radioactive cloud that moved east from surface ground zero and crossed Highway 93 south of Alamo, Nevada. During the night of
July 14 and the morning of July 15, the cloud moved further east into Utah, and it reached such low levels that it was detected only in small segments by ground monitoring.

References: (A) (E) (F) (AR) (GL)
Test: LITTLE FELLER I
Date: 07/ 17/ 62 Sponsor: DoD
Time: 1000 PDT Depth of Burial: 3 ft above ground
Location: NTS Area 18 Purpose: Weapons Effects
Type: Surface Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Offsite Release: Test

Test Release: Atmospheric
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 95 Zr/ 95 Nb, 103 Ru, and 131 I

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Cloud Direction: Northerly
Maximum Activity Detected in Air Offsite: 4,200 picocuries of gross beta activity per cubic meter of air at Twin Springs, Nevada

Maximum Gamma Exposure Rate Detected Offsite: 0.7 mR/ h at Twin Springs Ranch, Nevada (exposure rate recorder measurement)
Maximum Iodine Level Detected Offsite: 1.3 picocuries of 131 I per cubic meter of air at
Lockes, Nevada

Maximum Distance Radiation Detected Offsite: 0.1 mR/ h at Lockes, Nevada (exposure rate recorder measurement)

References: (A) (E) (F) (AR) (GM)
Test: WICHITA
Date: 07/ 27/ 62 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 1400 PDT Depth of Burial: 493 ft
Location: NTS U9y Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only* Release: Test

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 7.6 x 10 2
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 131 I
Cloud Direction: Southerly
Maximum Activity Detected in Air Offsite: No fresh fission products were detected.
Maximum Gamma Exposure Rate Detected Offsite: No radiation intensities above background levels were detected.

Maximum Iodine Level Detected Offsite: Trace amounts of 131 I in the air at Lathrop Wells,
Nevada**

Maximum Distance Radiation Detected Offsite: No radiation intensities above background levels were detected.

Release Summary: At H+26 seconds, gas vented from a fissure in the earth approximately 50 ft north of the emplacement hole and continued for five minutes.
References: (A) (C) (E) (F) (H) (N) (AR) (DB) (GN) ______________________________
*As of April 19, 1979, this test was considered to be an onsite only release. See statement in explanatory information on "special designation for onsite releases."

** A review of other data collected following this test indicated that the trace of 131 I was not necessarily attributable to this test.

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Test: YORK
Date: 08/ 24/ 62 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0800 PDT Depth of Burial: 743 ft
Location: NTS U9z Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 1.2 x 10 5
133 Xe and 135 Xe in curies: 1.2 x 10 5

Release Summary: A drillback release occurred from a postshot drill hole on August 25, 1962, and lasted for 30 hours.

References: (A) (C) (E) (F) (H) (AR) (DB)
Test: BOBAC
Date: 08/ 24/ 62 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 1000 PDT Depth of Burial: 680 ft
Location: NTS U3bl Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release: Some
Release Summary: Some radiation was detected in the area surrounding surface ground zero from gaseous radioactivity released during postshot drilling.

References: (A) (B) (E) (F) (H) (AR) (DB)
Test: RARITAN
Date: 09/ 06/ 62 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 1000 PDT Depth of Burial: 516 ft
Location: NTS U9u Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

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Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 1.2 x 10 3
133 Xe and 135 Xe in curies: 1.2 x 10 3

Release Summary: A drillback release occurred from the postshot hole casing on September 6, 1962, and lasted for eight hours.

References: (C) (E) (H) (AR)
Test: HYRAX
Date: 09/ 14/ 62 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 1010 PDT Depth of Burial: 709 ft
Location: NTS U3bh Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release: Some
References: (A) (B) (E) (F) (H) (AR) (DB)

Test: ALLEGHENY
Date: 09/ 29/ 62 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 1000 PDT Depth of Burial: 692 ft
Location: NTS U9x Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 7.6 x 10 2
Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 8.8 x 10 2
133 Xe and 135 Xe in curies: 8.8 x 10 2

Release Summary: This test released small visible quantities of radioactive steam and/ or gases. The test release occurred from the surface ground zero area at H+1 second and lasted for
12 minutes.
A drillback release from a postshot drill hole occurred on September 30, 1962, and lasted for 15 hours.

References: (A) (C) (E) (H) (AR) (DB)

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Test: MISSISSIPPI
Date: 10/ 05/ 62 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 1000 PDT Depth of Burial: 1,620 ft
Location: NTS U9ad Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: 115 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 4.9 x 10 3
133 Xe and 135 Xe in curies: 4.9 x 10 3

Release Summary: A drillback release occurred from a postshot drill hole on October 7, 1962, and lasted for 15 hours.

References: (A) (C) (E) (H) (AR) (DB)
Test: ROANOKE
Date: 10/ 12/ 62 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0800 PDT Depth of Burial: 577 ft
Location: NTS U9q Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 1.9 x 10 2
Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 1.0 x 10 3
133 Xe and 135 Xe in curies: 1.0 x 10 3

Release Summary: A minor gaseous release lasting 68 minutes occurred at H+7 minutes from the surface ground zero area through the emplacement hole casing and air dielectric signal and
diagnostic cables. The greater part of the radiation was confined to the vicinity of surface ground zero. The venting was stopped by preparations for postshot drilling.

A drillback release from Postshot Hole No. 1 occurred at 0145 hours on October 14, 1962, and lasted for one hour.
References: (A) (C) (E) (H) (AR) (DB)

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Test: WOLVERINE
Date: 10/ 12/ 62 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 1000 PDT Depth of Burial: 240 ft
Location: NTS U3av Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: Less than 1.0 x10 2
Release Summary: A test release at about H+1 minute occurred from surface ground zero and lasted for approximately 88 minutes. All readings had decayed to background levels by

H+90 minutes.
References: (B) (E) (H) (AR)

Test: BANDICOOT
Date: 10/ 19/ 62 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 1100 PDT Depth of Burial: 800 ft
Location: NTS U3bj Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: 12.5 kt
Release Type of Detected: Offsite Release: Test

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 3.0 x 10 6
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 95 Zr/ 95 Nb, 103 Ru, 131 I, 133 I, 135 I, 132 Te, and 140 Ba/ 140 La
Cloud Direction: Northerly for the lower part of the cloud; south southwesterly for the upper portion of the cloud

Maximum Activity Detected in Air Offsite: 52,000 picocuries of gross beta activity per cubic meter of air at Death Valley Junction, California
Maximum Gamma Exposure Rate Detected Offsite: Greater than 20 mR/ h on Highway 95, seven miles west of the Mercury Junction (Nevada)*
Maximum Iodine Level Detected Offsite: 310 picocuries of 131 I per cubic meter of air, and
2,500 picocuries of 135 I per cubic meter of air at Lathrop Wells, Nevada; maximum 131 I level in
milk, 160 picocuries per liter on October 23, 1962, at Springdale, Nevada

Maximum Distance Radiation Detected Offsite: 0.01 mR/ h at 14.5 miles south of Shoshone, California

Release Summary: At H+5 seconds a persistent cloud was produced containing appreciable quantities of radioactivity associated with particulates. This test venting, that lasted for five
minutes, was from a ground fault near the surface ground zero area.

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The radioactive cloud split into two portions. The lower portion of the cloud traveled in a north-northeasterly direction to Area 9 where it remained stagnant, then moved slowly across
Flat Top Mesa and north to the Area 12 Compound. The cloud dispersed in the valleys north of the Nevada Test Site. No exposures to people were detected.

The upper portion of the cloud traveled in a southerly direction and traversed a course over Camp Mercury, Cactus Springs, Indian Springs, Lathrop Wells and Highway 95 (Nevada). Upon
crossing Highway 95, the cloud was nine miles wide, diffusing rapidly, and proceeding southwest, passing over the Los Angeles, California area.

References: (A) (C) (E) (G) (H) (AR) (DB) (GO) ______________________________
*Upper limit of measuring instrument.

Test: SANTEE
Date: 10/ 27/ 62 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0800 PDT Depth of Burial: 1,048 ft
Location: NTS U10f Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 4.0 x 10 3
133 Xe and 135 Xe in curies: 4.0 x 10 3

Release Summary: A drillback release occurred from the area of the casing and drill hole on October 27, 1962, and lasted for 15 hours.

References: (A) (C) (E) (H) (AR) (DB)
Test: ST. LAWRENCE
Date: 11/ 09/ 62 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 1000 PST Depth of Burial: 546 ft
Location: NTS U2b Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 3.5
Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 6.0 x 10 3
133 Xe and 135 Xe in curies: 6.0 x 10 3

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Release Summary: A test release from the surface ground zero area occurred at H+21 minutes.
A drillback release from a postshot drill hole occurred on November 9, 1962, and lasted for 12 hours.

References: (C) (E) (H) (AR)
Test: ANACOSTIA
Date: 11/ 27/ 62 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 1000 PST Depth of Burial: 747 ft
Location: NTS U9i Purpose: Plowshare
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Test/ Prompt Particle Detected: Onsite Only Release: Sampling and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 1.9 x 10 2
Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 6.6 x 10 3
133 Xe and 135 Xe in curies: 6.6 x 10 3

Release Summary: A venting occurred at H+8 seconds from the sampling area and at H+35 seconds between the emplacement pipe and the prompt sampling pipe. The release lasted for
23.7 minutes.
The effluent gas gave a maximum reading of 95 mR/ h on the ground one mile downwind from surface ground zero at H+0.5 hour. The most significant radiation was confined to the crater and

radiochemistry sampling area.
A drillback release from a postshot drill hole occurred on November 28, 1962, and lasted for seven hours.

References: (A) (C) (E) (H) (AR) (DB)
Test: TAUNTON
Date: 12/ 04/ 62 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0800 PST Depth of Burial: 748 ft
Location: NTS U9aa Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

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Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 4.0 x 10 3
133 Xe and 135 Xe in curies: 4.0 x 10 3

Release Summary: A drillback release occurred from the ventilation line and casing on December 4, 1962, and lasted for eight hours.

References: (C) (E) (H) (AR)
Test: MADISON
Date: 12/ 12/ 62 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0925 PST Depth of Burial: 1,318 ft
Location: NTS U12g. 01 Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Tunnel Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 2.0 x 10 4
133 Xe and 135 Xe in curies: 2.0 x 10 4

Release Summary: A drillback release occurred from a postshot drill hole on December 13, 1962, and lasted for 30 hours.

References: (A) (C) (E) (H) (AR) (DB)
Test: NUMBAT
Date: 12/ 12/ 62 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 1045 PST Depth of Burial: 761 ft
Location: NTS U3bu Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release: Some
Release Summary: Some radiation was detected in the area surrounding surface ground zero from gaseous radioactivity released during postshot drilling.

References: (A) (B) (E) (H) (AR) (DB)

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Test: MANATEE
Date: 12/ 14/ 62 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 1000 PST Depth of Burial: 192 ft
Location: NTS U9af Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 1.8 x 10 3
133 Xe and 135 Xe in curies: 1.8 x 10 3

Release Summary: A drillback release occurred from the postshot drill hole on December 14, 1962, and lasted for approximately five hours.

References: (C) (E) (H) (AR) (DB)
Test: CASSELMAN
Date: 02/ 08/ 63 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0800 PST Depth of Burial: 994 ft
Location: NTS U10g Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 6.3 x 10 3
133 Xe and 135 Xe in curies: 6.3 x 10 3

Release Summary: A drillback release occurred from the ventilation line on February 9, 1963, and lasted for ten hours.

References: (C) (E) (H) (AR) (DB)
Test: CARMEL
Date: 02/ 21/ 63 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 1147 PST Depth of Burial: 536 ft
Location: NTS U2h Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

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Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 7.2 x 10 3
133 Xe and 135 Xe in curies: 7.2 x 10 3

Release Summary: A drillback release occurred from a postshot drill hole on February 21, 1963, and lasted for two hours.

References: (C) (E) (H) (AR) (DB)
Test: KAWEAH
Date: 02/ 21/ 63 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 1147 PST Depth of Burial: 745 ft
Location: NTS U9ab Purpose: Plowshare
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 4.0 x 10 4
133 Xe and 135 Xe in curies: 4.0 x 10 4

Release Summary: A drillback release occurred from the postshot drill hole on February 22, 1963, and lasted for 22 hours.

References: (C) (E) (H) (AR) (DB)
Test: TOYAH
Date: 03/ 15/ 63 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0822 PST Depth of Burial: 429 ft
Location: NTS U9ac Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 1.2 x 10 3
133 Xe and 135 Xe in curies: 1.2 x 10 3

Release Summary: A drillback release occurred from a postshot drill hole on March 15, 1963, and lasted for five hours.

References: (C) (E) (H) (AR) (JA)

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Test: CUMBERLAND
Date: 04/ 11/ 63 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0803 PST Depth of Burial: 745 ft
Location: NTS U2e Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 8.5 x 10 3
133 Xe and 135 Xe in curies: 8.5 x 10 3

Release Summary: A drillback release occurred from a postshot drill hole on April 12, 1963, and lasted for seven hours.

References: (C) (E) (H) (AR) (JB)
Test: KOOTANAI*
Date: 04/ 24/ 63 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0809 PST Depth of Burial: 597 ft
Location: NTS U9w Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 8.2
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 135 Xe, 138 Xe, and 138 Cs
Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 4.0 x 10 2
xenons and iodines in curies: 4.0 x 10 2
Release Summary: A test release occurred from the surface ground zero cables at H+13 minutes and lasted for two minutes.

A drillback release from a postshot drill hole occurred on April 25, 1963, and lasted for four hours.
References: (C) (E) (H) (Q) (AR) (JC)
________________________ *While DOE/ NV-209 (Rev. 14) lists both KOOTANAI and PAISANO as releasing effluent,

reference data indicate that the release was probably attributed to KOOTANAI.

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Test: DOUBLE TRACKS
Date: 05/ 15/ 63 Sponsor: Joint US-UK
Time: 0255 PDT Depth of Burial: Not Applicable
Location: NAFR Purpose: Storage-Transportation
Type: Surface Yield: Zero
Release Type of Detected: Offsite Release: Test/ Plutonium Dispersal

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: Unknown
Maximum Activity Detected in Air Offsite: Estimated 12.1 disintegrations per minute per cubic meter (alpha) at Scotty's Junction, Nevada

Maximum Gamma Exposure Rate Detected Offsite: No offsite gamma radiation was detected.
Maximum Iodine Level Detected Offsite: Non-nuclear experiment, no iodine was produced.
Maximum Distance Radiation Detected Offsite: Alpha activity detected on air samplers at Beatty, Nevada and Scotty's Junction, Nevada

Release Summary: This test was part of Operation Roller Coaster. Four storage and transportation tests on the NAFR were conducted as Operation Roller Coaster during May and
June 1963.
DOUBLE TRACKS was a non-nuclear experiment that took place on Stonewall Flats at 0255 hours on May 15, 1963. The purpose of this test was to determine data on debris

scattering. To accomplish this purpose, conventional high explosives were used to scatter an alpha-emitting isotope into the atmosphere.

Filters from air samplers taken at populated locations indicated a maximum concentration of 12.1 disintegrations per minute/ cubic meter at Scotty's Junction, Nevada. (The air sample with
this highest reading was from an air sampler with a burned out motor, and the total air flow had to be estimated.) A filter from a sampler run from 1245 hours May 14 to 1300 hours on May 15
in Beatty, Nevada, showed 11.3 disintegrations per minute per cubic meter. Other filters from populated locations showed concentrations above the 0.04 disintegrations per minute per cubic
meter background level.
References: (E) (AZ) (DE) (GP)

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Test: STONES
Date: 05/ 22/ 63 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0840 PDT Depth of Burial: 1,295 ft
Location: NTS U9ae Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Intermediate
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 5.8 x 10 3
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 124 Sb, 131 I, 133 I, 135 I, 133 Xe, 135 Xe, and 140 Ba/ 140 La
Release Summary: A drillback release occurred from a postshot drill hole on May 23, 1963, and lasted ten hours.

References: (C) (E) (H) (AR) (DB) (JD) (JE)
Test: CLEAN SLATE I
Date: 05/ 25/ 63 Sponsor: Joint US-UK
Time: 0417 PDT Depth of Burial: Not Applicable
Location: NAFR Purpose: Storage-Transportation
Type: Surface Yield: Zero
Release Type of Detected: Offsite Release: Test/ Plutonium Dispersal

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: Unknown
Maximum Activity Detected in Air Offsite: 0.32 disintegrations per minute per cubic meter (alpha) at Lathrop Wells, Nevada

Maximum Gamma Exposure Rate Detected Offsite: No offsite gamma radiation was detected.
Maximum Iodine Level Detected Offsite: Non-nuclear experiment, no iodine was produced.
Release Summary: The test was part of Operation Roller Coaster. Four storage and transportation tests on the NAFR were conducted as Operation Roller Coaster during May and
June 1963.
At 0417 hours on May 25, 1963, CLEAN SLATE I, a conventional high explosive device with a plutonium-239 component, was detonated at Cactus Flats, Nevada. The purpose of this

experiment was to determine data on the extent and concentration of alpha-emitting debris scattering from a conventional high-explosive device equipped with one or more alpha-emitting
components.
Due to fluctuating wind patterns, air filters from populated areas northeast and southeast of surface ground zero showed small concentrations of alpha-emitting material with a maximum

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activity of 0.32 disintegrations per minute per cubic meter of air at Lathrop Wells, Nevada. Filters from populated areas (including Hiko, Lund, Mesquite, Pioche, Tonopah, Warm Springs,
Las Vegas, Furnace Creek, and Lathrop Wells) showed small concentrations of contaminated material.

References: (E) (AZ) (DE) (GQ)
Test: PLEASANT
Date: 05/ 29/ 63 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0803 PDT Depth of Burial: 690 ft
Location: NTS U9ah Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 7.6 x 10 2
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 135 Xe and 138 Cs
Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 2.0 x 10 4
Isotopes Identified In the Release: 131 I, 133 I, 135 I , 133 Xe, and 135 Xe
Release Summary: A test release occurred from surface ground zero cables at H+15 minutes and lasted for 2.5 hours.

A drillback release occurred from a postshot drill hole on May 29, 1963, and lasted for 24 hours.
References: (C) (E) (H) (AR) (JF) (JG)

Test: CLEAN SLATE II
Date: 05/ 31/ 63 Sponsor: Joint US-UK
Time: 0347 PDT Depth of Burial: Not Applicable
Location: NAFR Purpose: Storage-Transportation
Type: Surface Yield: Zero
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test/ Plutonium Dispersal

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: Unknown
Release Summary: This test was part of Operation Roller Coaster. Four storage and transportation tests on the NAFR were conducted as Operation Roller Coaster during May and

June 1963.

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CLEAN SLATE II, the third non-nuclear experiment of Operation Roller Coaster, was carried out on Cactus Flats, Nevada, at 0347 hours, May 31, 1963. The purpose of this detonation was
to determine data on the extent and concentration of debris scattering from a conventional high-explosive device equipped with one or more alpha-emitting isotope components.

Air filter results from 31 permanent stations surrounding the test area indicated that any material released from CLEAN SLATE II was confined to the Cactus Flats location.
References: (E) (AZ) (DE) (GR)
Test: YUBA
Date: 06/ 05/ 63 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 1000 PDT Depth of Burial: 795 ft
Location: NTS U12b. 10 Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Tunnel Yield: 3.1 kt
Release Offsite Type of Test/ Prompt Particle Detected: (Drillback Only) Release: Sampling and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 1.1 x 10 2
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 88 Kr, 131 I, 133 I, 135 I, 135 Xe, and 138 Cs
Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 7.2 x 10 4
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 131 I, 133 I, 135 I, 133 Xe, and 135 Xe
Maximum Activity Detected in Air Offsite: No fresh fission products were detected.
Maximum Gamma Exposure Rate Detected Offsite: No radiation intensities above background levels were measured.

Maximum Iodine Level Detected Offsite: No iodine was detected.
Maximum Distance Radiation Detected Offsite: Two miles offsite at Lathrop Wells, Nevada (detected from the drillback release)

Release Summary: A test release occurred from the Rad-chem pipe.
A drillback release from a postshot drill hole occurred on June 7, 1963, and lasted for 100 hours.
References: (C) (E) (G) (H) (AR) (DB) (GS)

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Test: APSHAPA
Date: 06/ 06/ 63 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0958 PDT Depth of Burial: 295 ft
Location: NTS U9ai Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 3.8
Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 3.0 x 10 2
133 Xe and 135 Xe in curies: 3.0 x 10 2

Release Summary: A test release from the surface ground zero area occurred at H+10 minutes and lasted for 25 minutes.

A drillback release from a postshot drill hole occurred on June 6, 1963, and lasted for four hours.
References: (C) (E) (H) (AR) (JH)

Test: CLEAN SLATE III
Date: 06/ 09/ 63 Sponsor: Joint US-UK
Time: 0330 PDT Depth of Burial: Not Applicable
Location: NAFR Purpose: Storage-Transportation
Type: Surface Yield: Zero
Release Type of Detected: Offsite Release: Test/ Plutonium Dispersal

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: Unknown
Maximum Activity Detected in Air Offsite: Not above background; a maximum of
1.64 x 10 -13 microcuries per cubic centimeter was measured on the Test Range Complex.

Maximum Gamma Exposure Rate Detected Offsite: No offsite gamma radiation was detected.

Maximum Iodine Level Detected Offsite: Non-nuclear experiment, no iodine was produced.
Maximum Distance Radiation Detected Offsite: 47.8 + 1.5 disintegrations per minute per
square foot of 239, 240 Pu on a film collector at Springdale, Utah

Release Summary: This test was part of Operation Roller Coaster. Four storage and transportation tests on the NAFR were conducted as Operation Roller Coaster during May and

June 1963.

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At 0330 hours on June 9, 1963, the CLEAN SLATE III test was conducted at Cactus Flats, Nevada. The purpose of this test was to determine data on the extent and concentration of
alpha-emitting debris scattering from a conventional high-explosive device with one or more radioactive components. This was the fourth and last test of the Roller Coaster series.

Careful ground monitoring to the southeast and southwest of surface ground zero failed to show any readings above background levels. The area was monitored after heavy morning and
afternoon rains on June 9, 1963.
References: (E) (AZ) (DE) (GT)

Test: KENNEBEC
Date: 06/ 25/ 63 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 1600 PDT Depth of Burial: 742 ft
Location: NTS U2af Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Test/ Prompt Particle Detected: Onsite Only Release: Sampling and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: Less than 1.0
Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 3.0 x 10 1
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 131 I, 133 I, 135 I, 133 Xe and 135 Xe
Release Summary: A test release from the Rad-chem line occurred at H+10 seconds and lasted for one minute.

A drillback release from the postshot drill hole occurred on June 26, 1963, at 1415 hours and lasted for 1.7 hours.
References: (C) (E) (H) (AR) (DB) (JI)
Test: PEKAN
Date: 08/ 12/ 63 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 1645 PDT Depth of Burial: 991 ft
Location: NTS U3bw Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

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Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 1.1 x 10 6
133 Xe in curies: 1.6 x 10 4

135 Xe in curies: 1.1 x 10 6
131 I in curies: 1.0 x 10 1
133 I in curies: 2.9 x 10 2
135 I in curies: 6.5 x 10 2
85 Kr in curies: 2.0 x 10 -1

References: (B) (E) (H) (AS) (JK)
Detonation: KOHOCTON (simultaneous with NATCHES, separate holes)
Date: 08/ 23/ 63 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0620 PDT Depth of Burial: 835 ft
Location: NTS U9ak Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 3.0 x 10 3
133 Xe, 135 Xe, 131 I, 133 I, and 135 I in curies: 3.0 x 10 3

Release Summary: A drillback release occurred from a postshot drill hole and ground zero cables on August 23, 1963, and lasted for 15 hours.

References: (C) (E) (H) (AS) (JL)
Test: AHTANUM
Date: 09/ 13/ 63 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0653 PDT Depth of Burial: 740 ft
Location: NTS U2l Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 3.5 x 10 1
133 Xe and 135 Xe in curies: 3.5 x 10 1

Release Summary: A drillback release occurred from the postshot drill hole on September 21, 1963, and lasted for four hours.

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References: (C) (E) (H) (AS)
Test: BILBY
Date: 09/ 13/ 63 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 1000 PDT Depth of Burial: 2,343 ft
Location: NTS U3cn Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: 249 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 1.0
133 Xe in curies: 1.0

131 I: trace

References: (B) (E) (H) (J) (AS)
Test: CARP
Date: 09/ 27/ 63 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 0720 PDT Depth of Burial: 1,081 ft
Location: NTS U3cb Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release Activity at R+12 hours, in Curies: 5.7 x 10 2
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 131 I, 133 I, and 135 I
Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 5.5 x 10 2
133 Xe in curies: 5.5 x 10 2

135 Xe in curies: 5.5 x 10 -1
131 I in curies: 6.8 x 10 -2
133 I in curies: 1.1
88 Rb: trace

References: (B) (E) (H) (AS)

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Test: NARRAGUAGUS
Date: 09/ 27/ 63 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 1030 PDT Depth of Burial: 493 ft
Location: NTS U2f Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 1.6 x 10 2
Release Summary: Radioactivity was released during drillback operations, beginning at 0830 hours on September 29, 1963, and lasting for 13 hours.

References: (C) (E) (H) (AS) (UQ)
Test: GRUNION
Date: 10/ 11/ 63 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 0700 PDT Depth of Burial: 856 ft
Location: NTS U3bz Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: approximately 4.0 x 10 3
133 Xe in curies: 4.0 x 10 3 (approximate)

131 I in curies: 4.3 x 10 -2
133 I in curies: 9.9 x 10 -2

References: (B) (E) (H) (J) (AS)
Test: TORNILLO
Date: 10/ 11/ 63 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 1400 PDT Depth of Burial: 489 ft
Location: NTS U9aq Purpose: Plowshare
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

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Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 5.2 x 10 2
133 Xe and 135 Xe in curies: 5.2 x 10 2

Release Summary: A drillback release occurred from the postshot drill hole on October 12, 1963, and lasted for 12 hours.

References: (C) (E) (H) (AS) (JM)
Test: CLEARWATER
Date: 10/ 16/ 63 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 1000 PDT Depth of Burial: 1,798 ft
Location: NTS U12q Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Intermediate
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 4.6 x 10 3
133 Xe in curies: 4.6 x 10 3

131 I in curies: 2.3 x 10 -2

Release Summary: A drillback release occurred from the postshot drill hole on October 23, 1963, beginning at 1600 hours and lasting for seven hours.

References: (C) (E) (H) (AS) (TY)
Test: SHOAL
Date: 10/ 26/ 63 Sponsor: LASL/ ARPA
Time: 1000 PDT Depth of Burial: 1,204 ft
Location: Fallon, Nevada* Purpose: Vela Uniform
Type: Shaft Yield: 12 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 1.1 x 10 2
131m Xe and 133 Xe in curies: 1.1 x 10 2

131 I in curies: less than 1.0

References: (E) (H) (L) (DU) (JN) ______________________________
*28 miles southeast of Fallon, Nevada

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Test: ANCHOVY
Date: 11/ 14/ 63 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 0800 PST Depth of Burial: 853 ft
Location: NTS U3bq Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours: Slight
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 78 As and 138 Xe
Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 1.3 x 10 5 -2.3 x 10 5
133 Xe in curies: 2.1 x 10 4

135 Xe in curies: 1.1 x 10 5
131 I in curies: 2.5
133 I in curies: 1.1 x 10 1
135 I in curies: 3.5 x 10 2
88 Kr in curies: 1.0 x 10 4 -1.0 x 10 5

Release Summary: There was a small test release, but only qualitative data were available.
Drillback releases occurred on November 15 and December 3, 1963.
References: (B) (E) (H) (AS) (JO)

Test: MUSTANG
Date: 11/ 15/ 63 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0700 PST Depth of Burial: 544 ft
Location: NTS U9at Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 1.0 x 10 2 *
133 Xe, 133m Xe, and 135 Xe in curies: 1.0 x 10 2

131 I, 133 I, and 135 I: trace

Release Summary: Drillback releases occurred on November 16, 1963, beginning at 1200 hours, from the surface ground zero casing, lasting for 35 hours, and from the ventilation
system lasting for 26 hours.

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References: (C) (E) (H) (X) (AS) (JP)
______________________________ *An analysis of RAMS data indicated that approximately 2.8 x 10 3 curies of 133 Xe and 135 Xe

could have been released through the ventilation system during the postshot drilling period without being detected.

Test: GREYS
Date: 11/ 22/ 63 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0930 PST Depth of Burial: 987 ft
Location: NTS U9ax Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Intermediate
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: Less than 4.6 x 10 2
131 I, 133 I, 135 I, 133 Xe, 133m Xe, and 135 Xe in curies: less than 4.6 x10 2

Release Summary: Drillback releases occurred from the drilling rig at 2130 hours on November 23, 1963, lasting for 19 hours, and from the ventilation system on the same day,
lasting for 18 hours.
References: (C) (E) (H) (AS) (UT)

Detonation: BARRACUDA* (simultaneous with SARDINE, separate holes)
Date: 12/ 04/ 63 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 0838 PST Depth of Burial: 864 ft
Location: NTS U3cr Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 9.5 x 10 -3
Isotopes Identified in the Release: xenons and iodines
Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 1.0 x 10 2
133 Xe in curies: 1.0 x 10 2

iodines in curies: less than 4.0 x 10 -2
Release Summary: A test release occurred at H+12 minutes from surface ground zero and lasted for 72 hours.

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References: (B) (E) (H) (AS)
Detonation: SARDINE* (simultaneous with BARRACUDA, separate holes)
Date: 12/ 04/ 63 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 0838 PST Depth of Burial: 860 ft
Location: NTS U3ch Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 3.0 x 10 1
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 131 I, 133 I, 135 I, and 133 Xe
Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: Less than or equal to 9.0 x 10 -2
iodines in curies: less than or equal to 9.0 x 10 -2
Release Summary: A test release from the surface ground zero area occurred at H+12 minutes and lasted for 100 minutes.

References: (B) (E) (H) (AS)
__________________________ *BARRACUDA and SARDINE are one test because these detonations occurred within the time

frame and proximity as defined in the Threshold Test Ban Treaty. They are listed separately because of individual test data.

Test: EAGLE
Date: 12/ 12/ 63 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0802 PST Depth of Burial: 540 ft
Location: NTS U9av Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: 5.3 kt
Release Type of Detected: Offsite Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 7.6 x 10 2
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 89 Sr, 91 Sr, 92 Sr, 99 Mo, 103 Ru, 132 I, 133 I, 134 I, 135 I, 132 Te, 135
Xe, 138 Cs, and 140 Ba/ 140 La

Cloud Direction: Southwesterly over Death Valley and Central Southern California, about 140 miles beyond the point of release

Maximum Activity Detected in Air Offsite: 24 picocuries of gross beta activity per cubic meter of air at Death Valley Junction, California

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Maximum Gamma Exposure Rate Detected Offsite: No readings above background levels were recorded.
Maximum Iodine Level Detected Offsite: 10 picocuries of 135 I per cubic meter of air, and
35 picocuries of 133 I per cubic meter of air at Death Valley Junction, California.

Maximum Distance Radiation Detected Offsite: Isotopic activity was detected in air samples only as far as Death Valley Junction, California.

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: Less than 2.0 x 10 2
133 Xe and 135 Xe in curies: less than 2.0 x 10 2

131 I, 133 I, and 135 I in curies: less than 1.0 x 10 -1

Release Summary: Venting occurred from the line-of-site (LOS) pipe at H+30 seconds and lasted for three minutes.

A drillback release occurred from the ventilation system at 1300 hours on December 15, 1963, and lasted for 83 hours.
References: (C) (D) (E) (G) (H) (Z) (AS) (GU) (JQ)
Test: TUNA
Date: 12/ 20/ 63 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 0724 PST Depth of Burial: 1,359 ft
Location: NTS U3de Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Low
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test

Test Release Activity at R+12 Hours, in Curies: Less than 1.2 x 10 -1
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 131 I, 133 Xe, and 135 Xe
References: (B) (E) (H) (AS)

Test: FORE
Date: 01/ 16/ 64 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0800 PST Depth of Burial: 1,609 ft
Location: NTS U9ao Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: 20 to 200 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

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Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 1.2 x 10 3
133 Xe in curies: 8.9 x 10 2

135 Xe in curies: 2.9 x 10 2

Release Summary: A drillback release occurred from the ventilation system at 1455 hours on January 18, 1964, and lasted for 28.5 hours.

References: (C) (E) (H) (AS) (JR)
Test: OCONTO
Date: 01/ 23/ 64 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0800 PST Depth of Burial: 868 ft
Location: NTS U9ay Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: 10.5 kt
Release Type of Detected: Offsite Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 3.0 x 10 4
133 Xe in curies: 9.9 x 10 3

135 Xe in curies: 2.1 x 10 4
131 I in curies: 1.0 x 10 -3
133 I in curies: 5.0 x 10 -4

Cloud Direction: Northerly
Maximum Activity Detected in Air Offsite: No gross beta activities were above normal levels.
Maximum Gamma Exposure Rate Detected Offsite: No readings were above background levels. (Detected by aerial monitoring only).

Maximum Iodine Level Detected Offsite: No iodine was detected.
Maximum Distance Radiation Detected Offsite: Radioactivity from redrilling was detected by aerial monitoring to Hancock Summit, Nevada.

Release Summary: A drillback release occurred from the ventilation system at 2200 hours on January 24, 1964, and lasted for 26 hours. Radioactivity was detected offsite by aerial
monitoring only.
References: (C) (E) (H) (AS) (GV) (JS)

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Test: CLUB
Date: 01/ 30/ 64 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0800 PST Depth of Burial: 590 ft
Location: NTS U2aa Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Less than 20 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release Activity at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 1.2
Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 5.9 x 10 2
133 Xe in curies: 4.8 x 10 2

135 Xe in curies: 1.1 x 10 2
131 I: trace
133 I: trace

Release Summary: An test release occurred from the cables at 1025 hours and lasted for two hours.

A drillback release occurred from the ventilation system at 0700 hours on February 1, 1964, and lasted for 10 hours.
References: (C) (E) (H) (AS) (U7)
Test: SOLENDON
Date: 02/ 12/ 64 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 0738 PST Depth of Burial: 493 ft
Location: NTS U3cz Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Less than 20 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test

Test Release Activity at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 9.6
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 131 I, 133 I, 135 I, 133 Xe, 135 Xe, and 138 Xe
Release Summary: A test release occurred at H+10 minutes from the surface ground zero area and lasted for 7.5 hours.

References: (B) (E) (H) (AS) (UN)

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Test: BUNKER
Date: 02/ 13/ 64 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0730 PST Depth of Burial: 745 ft
Location: NTS U9bb Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Less than 20 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release Activity At R+12, in Curies: 1.4
Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: Less than 4.2 x 10 2
133 Xe in curies: less than 2.2 x 10 2

135 Xe in curies: less than 2.0 x 10 2

Release Summary: A test release occurred from the surface ground zero area at H+4 minutes and lasted for 20 minutes.

A drillback release occurred from the ventilation system beginning at 1200 hours on February 15, 1964, and lasted for five hours.
References: (C) (E) (H) (AS) (U4)
Test: BONEFISH
Date: 02/ 18/ 64 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 0737 PST Depth of Burial: 984 ft
Location: NTS U3bt Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Less than 20 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 1.9 x 10 1
xenons, in curies: 1.5 x 10 1
131 I in curies: 2.0 x 10 -4

133 I in curies: 4.0

References: (B) (E) (H) (AS)

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Test: KLICKITAT
Date: 02/ 20/ 64 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0730 PST Depth of Burial: 1,616 ft
Location: NTS U10e Purpose: Plowshare
Type: Shaft Yield: 20 to 200 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: Less than 1.0 x 10 1
133 Xe in curies: less than 7.9

135 Xe in curies: less than 1.9
131 I in curies: less than 2.0 x 10 -1
133 I in curies: less than 2.0 x 10 -1
135 I in curies: less than 2.0 x 10 -2

Release Summary: A drillback release occurred from the ventilation system.
References: (C) (E) (H) (AS) (JT)

Test: HANDICAP
Date: 03/ 12/ 64 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0700 PST Depth of Burial: 470 ft
Location: NTS U9ba Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Less than 20 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release Activity At R+12, in Curies: 3.0 x 10 2
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 87 Kr, 88 Kr, 88 Rb, 131 I, 132 I, 133 I, 134 I, 135 I, 133 Xe, 133m Xe, 135
Xe, 138 Xe, and 138 Cs

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 1.0 x 10 -1
133 Xe in curies: 2.0 x 10 -2

135 Xe in curies: 8.0 x 10 -2

Release Summary: Test releases occurred from the cable cutting at H+110 minutes, lasting for 30 minutes, and from the surface ground zero area at H+6 hours, lasting for 27 hours.

A drillback release occurred through the ventilation system.

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References: (C) (H) (AS) (UR)
Test: PIKE
Date: 03/ 13/ 64 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 0802 PST Depth of Burial: 374 ft
Location: NTS U3cy Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Less than 20 kt
Release Type of Detected: Offsite Release: Test

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 1.2 x 10 5
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 131 I, 133 I, and 135 I
Cloud Direction: Southeasterly over Cactus Springs and Las Vegas, Nevada, and over California and Arizona the next day

Maximum Activity Detected in Air Offsite: 76,000 picocuries of gross beta activity per cubic meter of air five miles west of Cactus Springs, Nevada
Maximum Gamma Exposure Rate Detected Offsite: 5.9 mR/ h at Cactus Springs, Nevada
Maximum Iodine Level Detected Offsite: 1,000 picocuries of 131 I per cubic meter of air,
36,000 picocuries of 133 I per cubic meter of air, and 510 picocuries of 135 I per cubic meter of air
at Cactus Springs, Nevada; maximum concentration of 131 I in commercial milk, 80 picocuries
per liter at Yuma, Arizona, and Winterhaven, California

Maximum Distance Radiation Detected Offsite: 0.03 mR/ h at 17.8 miles southeast of the junction of Boulder Highway and Sahara Avenue, Las Vegas, Nevada

Release Summary: An test release from ground fractures occurred at H+10 seconds and lasted for approximately one minute. Fresh fission products were detected as far as 341 miles from
surface ground zero.
References: (B) (D) (E) (G) (H) (P) (Z) (AS) (DF) (DG) (FA) (JU)

Test: HOOK
Date: 04/ 14/ 64 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0640 PST Depth of Burial: 668 ft
Location: NTS U9bc Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Less than 20 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 2.2

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Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: Less than 3.5 x 10 2
133 Xe in curies: less than 1.3 x 10 2

135 Xe in curies: less than 2.2 x 10 2

Release Summary: A test release occurred from the surface ground zero area at H+5 minutes and lasted for 11 minutes.

Drillback releases occurred from the emplacement casing at 2000 hours on April 14, 1964, lasting for 16.5 hours, and from the ventilation system at 1900 hours April 15, 1964, lasting for
13 hours.
References: (C) (E) (H) (AS) (US)

Test: STURGEON
Date: 04/ 15/ 64 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 0630 PST Depth of Burial: 492 ft
Location: NTS U3bo Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Less than 20 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 2.3 x 10 2
133 Xe in curies: 9.0 x 10 1

135 Xe in curies: 1.4 x 10 2
131 I in curies: 1.0 x 10 -2
133 I in curies: 6.0 x 10 -1
135 I in curies: 2.5

References: (B) (E) (H) (AS) (JV)
Test: BOGEY
Date: 04/ 17/ 64 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0729 PST Depth of Burial: 390 ft
Location: NTS U9au Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Less than 20 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release Activity At R+12, in Curies: 6.9
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 87 Kr, 88 Kr, 133 Xe, 135 Xe, 138 Xe, and 138 Cs

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Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: Less than 5.9 x 10 1
133 Xe in curies: less than 4.4 x 10 1

135 Xe in curies: less than 9.5
131 I in curies: less than 1.0
133 I in curies: less than 1.0
135 I in curies: less than 1.0

others, in curies: less than 2.0
Release Summary: Test releases occurred from the cable connectors at H+10 minutes, lasting for eight minutes, and from the cable cuttings at 1000 hours on April 17, 1964, lasting for

30 minutes.
Drillback releases occurred from the drilling stem at 0100 hours on April 19, 1964, lasting for six hours, and from the ventilation system (no time or duration given).

References: (C) (E) (H) (AS) (U1)
Test: TURF
Date: 04/ 24/ 64 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 1210 PST Depth of Burial: 1,663 ft
Location: NTS U10c Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: 20 to 200 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: Less than 2.0 x 10 2
133 Xe in curies: 1.9 x 10 2

135 Xe in curies: less than 9.8
131 I in curies: less than 2.0
133 I in curies: less than 2.0
135 I in curies: less than 1.0

Release Summary: Drillback releases occurred from the ventilation system drilling platform at 0505 hours on April 27, 1964, lasting for 28 hours, and from the drill hole at 1545 hours on
April 28, 1964, lasting for 5 hours, 45 minutes.
References: (C) (E) (H) (AS) (JW) (JX)

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Test: PIPEFISH
Date: 04/ 29/ 64 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 1347 PDT Depth of Burial: 860 ft
Location: NTS U3co Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Less than 20 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 3.0 x 10 -6
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 138 Xe
References: (B) (E) (H) (AS) (JY)

Test: DRIVER
Date: 05/ 07/ 64 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0600 PDT Depth of Burial: 492 ft
Location: NTS U9ar Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Less than 20 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release Activity At R+12, in Curies: 3.7 x 10 1
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 88 Kr, 88 Rb, 133 I, 135 I, 133 Xe, 135 Xe, and 138 Cs
Release Summary: A test release occurred from the surface ground zero casing at H+20 minutes and lasted for 190 minutes.

A drillback release of 0.28 curies of 133 Xe and 135 Xe could have been released and gone undetected because of lower limits of detection.
References: (C) (E) (H) (AS) (UB)
Test: BACKSWING
Date: 05/ 14/ 64 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0740 PDT Depth of Burial: 536 ft
Location: NTS U9aw Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Less than 20 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 3.7 x 10 1

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Isotopes Identified in the Release: 24 Na, 56 Mn, 131 I, 133 I, 135 I, 135 Xe, 138 Xe, and 138 Cs
Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 1.0 x 10 3
133 Xe in curies: 3.2

135 Xe in curies: 3.1
138 Xe, 135 Xe, and 138 Cs in curies: 1.0 x 10 3

iodines: 1.3 x 10 1
Release Summary: A test release occurred from the surface ground zero casing and LOS pipe at H+4 minutes and lasted for 16 minutes.

Drillback releases occurred from the cable cutting at 0840 hours on May 14, 1964, lasting for 24 hours, and from the ventilation system at 1135 hours on May 16, 1964, lasting for 48 hours.
References: (C) (E) (H) (X) (AS) (JZ)
Test: ACE
Date: 06/ 11/ 64 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0945 PDT Depth of Burial: 862 ft
Location: NTS U2n Purpose: Plowshare
Type: Shaft Yield: Less than 20 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 9.3
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 131 I, 133 I, 135 I, 133 Xe, 135 Xe, 138 Xe, and 138 Cs
Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: Less than 2.0 x 10 -1
133 Xe and 135 Xe in curies: less than 2.0 x 10 -1

Release Summary: A test release from the cable cutting area and surface ground zero occurred at H+2.5 hours and lasted for 18 hours.

References: (C) (E) (H) (AS) (KA)
Test: DUFFER
Date: 06/ 18/ 64 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0630 PDT Depth of Burial: 1,463 ft
Location: NTS U10dS Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Less than 20 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

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Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: Less than 4.1 x 10 1
133 Xe in curies: less than 3.5 x 10 1

135 Xe in curies: less than 5.8

Release Summary: Three drillback releases occurred from: (1) the emplacement drill hole, beginning at 1033 hours on June 19, 1964, lasting for five minutes; (2) the ventilation system at
0430 hours on June 21, 1964, lasting for 80 minutes; and (3) an explosion at the emplacement hole during the period of July 2 through July 6, 1964.

References: (C) (E) (H) (AS) (UC)
Test: FADE
Date: 06/ 25/ 64 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0630 PDT Depth of Burial: 673 ft
Location: NTS U9be Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Less than 20 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 3.5 x 10 1
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 88 Kr, 88 Rb, 131 I, 133 I, 135 I, 133 Xe, 133m Xe, 135 Xe, and 135m
Xe

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: Less than 1.0
133 Xe and 135 Xe in curies: less than 1.0

Release Summary: A test release, from the surface ground zero area in the crater, occurred at H+165 minutes and lasted for 8.75 hours.

References: (C) (E) (H) (AS) (KB)
Test: DUB
Date: 06/ 30/ 64 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0633 PDT Depth of Burial: 848 ft
Location: NTS U10a Purpose: Plowshare
Type: Shaft Yield: Less than 20 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 5.0
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 131 I, 133 I, 135 I, 133 Xe, and 135 Xe

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Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 2.4 x 10 1
133 Xe in curies: 2.2 x 10 1

135 Xe in curies: 2.3

Release Summary: A test release from the crater area occurred at approximately H+5 hours and lasted for 83 hours.

A drillback release from the ventilation system occurred at 0530 hours on July 2, 1964, and lasted for 85 hours.
References: (C) (E) (H) (AS) (KC)
Test: BYE
Date: 07/ 16/ 64 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0615 PDT Depth of Burial: 1,277 ft
Location: NTS U10i Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: 20 to 200 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: Less than 3.9 x 10 2
133 Xe in curies: less than 3.9 x 10 2

135 Xe in curies: less than 1.0
131 I in curies: less than 1.0
133 I in curies: less than 1.0

Release Summary: Drillback releases occurred from the ventilation system at 1730 hours on July 21, 1964, lasting for 49.5 hours, and from the open drill pipe at 0730 hours on
July 22, 1964, lasting for 15.5 hours.
References: (C) (E) (H) (AT) (KD)

Test: CORMORANT
Date: 07/ 17/ 64 Sponsor: LASL/ UK
Time: 1018 PDT Depth of Burial: 892 ft
Location: NTS U3df Purpose: Joint US-UK
Type: Shaft Yield: Less than 20 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: Approximately 1.0

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Isotopes Identified in the Release: 131 I, 133 I, 135 I, 135 Xe, and 138 Xe
Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 1.1 x 10 1
133 Xe in curies: 1.1 x 10 1

135 Xe in curies: 1.4 x 10 -2
131 I in curies: 1.4 x 10 -2
133 I in curies: 1.7 x 10 -2
135 I in curies: 5.8 x 10 -5

Release Summary: A test release from the surface ground zero area began at H time and lasted for 20 minutes.

References: (B) (E) (H) (AT)
Test: LINKS
Date: 07/ 23/ 64 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0630 PDT Depth of Burial: 394 ft
Location: NTS U9bf Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Less than 20 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release Activity At R+12, in Curies: Less than 6.7
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 87 Kr, 88 Kr, 88 Rb, 88m Rb, 133 Xe, 135 Xe, 138 Xe, 139 Xe, 138
Cs, 139 Cs, and 139 Ba

Release Summary: Test releases occurred from from surface ground zero at H+10 seconds lasting for sixty minutes, and from the cable cutting at 0830 hours on July 23, 1964, lasting for
1.5 hours.
References: (C) (E) (H) (AT) (UU)

Test: ALVA
Date: 08/ 19/ 64 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0900 PDT Depth of Burial: 545 ft
Location: NTS U2j Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: 4.4 kt
Release Type of Detected: Offsite Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 6.1 x 10 3

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Isotopes Identified in the Release: 56 Mn, 131 I, 132 I, 133 I, 134 I, 135 I, 133 Xe, 135 Xe, and 138 Cs
Cloud Direction: Northerly
Maximum Activity Detected in Air Offsite: No fresh fission products were detected.
Maximum Gamma Exposure Rate Detected Offsite: No radiation intensities above background levels were measured.

Maximum Iodine Level Detected Offsite: No iodine detected was attributable to this test.
Maximum Distance Radiation Detected Offsite: Detected offsite by aircraft only, near St. George, Utah

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 3.0 x 10 2
133 Xe in curies: 3.0 x 10 2

135 Xe in curies: 2.5 x 10 -1
131 I in curies: 4.1 x 10 -2
133 I in curies: 5.5 x 10 -2

Release Summary: A test release from the LOS pipe and shaft occurred at H time and lasted for 3.5 days. The release of radioactivity was detected offsite by aircraft only.

A drillback release occurred from the drilling rig at 2200 hours on August 22, 1964, and lasted for 5.4 days.
References: (C) (E) (H) (Z) (AT) (DH) (EC) (GW) (KE) (MA)
Test: CANVASBACK
Date: 08/ 22/ 64 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 1517 PDT Depth of Burial: 1,470 ft
Location: NTS U3cp Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Less than 20 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 2.0 x 10 3
Xe 133 in curies: 2.0 x 10 3
Xe 135 in curies: 1.0
I 131 in curies: 2.0 x 10 -1
I 133 in curies: 5.0 x 10 -1
I 135 in curies: 1.0 x 10 -3

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References: (B) (E) (H) (AT) (TV)
Test: SPOON
Date: 09/ 11/ 64 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0700 PDT Depth of Burial: 590 ft
Location: NTS U9bd Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Less than 20 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 3.9 x 10 2
133 Xe in curies: 3.8 x 10 2

135 Xe in curies: 1.3 x 10 1
131 I and 133 I in curies: 4.0 x 10 -1

Release Summary: A drillback release occurred from the ventilation system at 2310 hours on September 13, 1964, and lasted for 24.5 hours. A second release occurred from the drilling rig at
2315 hours on September 13, 1964, and lasted for 27.7 hours.
References: (C) (E) (H) (AT) (UO)

Test: PAR
Date: 10/ 09/ 64 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0700 PDT Depth of Burial: 1,325 ft
Location: NTS U2p Purpose: Plowshare
Type: Shaft Yield: 38 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 6.1 x 10 2
133 Xe in curies: 5.9 x 10 2

133m Xe in curies: 2.4
135 Xe in curies: 2.1 x 10 1

other isotopes in curies: less than 2.0
Release Summary: Drillback releases occurred from the drilling rig at 2230 hours on October 11, 1964, lasting for 4.4 days and from the ventilation system at 0100 hours on

October 12, 1964, lasting for 5.5 days.
References: (C) (E) (H) (X) (AT) (KF)

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Detonation: BARBEL (simultaneous with TURNSTONE, separate holes)
Date: 10/ 16/ 64 Sponsor: LASL
Time: 0900 PDT Depth of Burial: 850 ft
Location: NTS U3bx Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Less than 20 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 2.9 x 10 2
133 Xe in curies: 1.9 x 10 2

135 Xe in curies: 9.8 x 10 1
131 I in curies: 4.1 x 10 -1
133 I in curies: 2.9 x 10 -1
135 I in curies: 3.1 x 10 -1

References: (B) (E) (H) (AT)
Test: FOREST
Date: 10/ 31/ 64 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0904 PST Depth of Burial: 1,249 ft
Location: NTS U7a Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: Less than 20 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 5.2
133 Xe in curies: 5.0

135 Xe in curies: 2.0 x 10 -1
131 I and 133 I in curies: 2.0 x 10 -3

Release Summary: A drillback release occurred from the drilling rig at 0730 hours on November 3, 1964, and lasted for seven hours.

References: (C) (E) (H) (AT) (KG)

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Test: HANDCAR
Date: 11/ 05/ 64 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 0700 PST Depth of Burial: 1,322 ft
Location: NTS U10b Purpose: Plowshare
Type: Shaft Yield: 12 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Test and Drillback

Test Release at R+12 Hours, in Curies: 6.4 x 10 1
Isotopes Identified in the Release: 87 Kr, 88 Kr, and 135 Xe
Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 5.5
133 Xe in curies: 5.5

Release Summary: Test releases occurred from surface ground zero cables at H time, lasting for three hours, and at H+16 hours, lasting for eight hours.

A drillback release from the ventilation system occurred at 2030 hours on December 1, 1964, and lasted for eight days.
References: (C) (E) (H) (AT) (J6)
Test: CREPE
Date: 12/ 05/ 64 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 1315 PST Depth of Burial: 1,326 ft
Location: NTS U2q Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: 20 to 200 kt
Release Type of Detected: Onsite Only Release: Drillback

Drillback Release Activity at Time of Release, in Curies: 2.5 x 10 2
133 Xe in curies: 2.4 x 10 2

133m Xe in curies: 6.1
135 Xe in curies: 4.0 x 10 -1

Release Summary: Drillback releases occurred from: (1) the ventilation system at 1830 hours on December 9, 1964, lasting for 2.6 days; (2) the crater at 2145 hours on December 9, 1964,
lasting for 1.3 days; and (3) the ventilation system at 1025 hours on December 13, 1964, lasting for one hour.

References: (C) (E) (H) (AT) (KH)

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Detonation: DRILL (SOURCE-LOWER) (simultaneous with DRILL [TARGET-UPPER], same hole)
Date: 12/ 05/ 64 Sponsor: LRL
Time: 1315 PST Depth of Burial: 722 ft
Location: NTS U2ai Purpose: Weapons Related
Type: Shaft Yield: 3.4 kt
Release Type of Detected: Offsite Release: Test and Drillba